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The Prevalence and Severity of Misophonia in a UK Undergraduate Medical Student Population and Validation of the Amsterdam Misophonia Scale
Status:: #status/Bare-bones-review
Metadata
- Item Type: #journalArticle
- Authors: Jay Naylor, Charlotte Caimino, Polly Scutt, Derek J Hoare, David M Baguley
- Date: 2020-08-23
- Date Added: 2020-07-27
- URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11126-020-09825-3
- DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09825-3
- Cite key: undefined
- Topics: ../Misophonia MOC
- Tags: #Misophonia, #to-mark
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Abstract
Misophonia is a condition of abnormal emotional responses to specific auditory stimuli. There is limited information available on the prevalence of this condition. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of misophonia in an undergraduate medical student population at the University of Nottingham. A secondary aim of this study was to assess the psychometric validity of the Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-Miso-S) questionnaire tool in this population. The A-Miso-S was administered online to medical students at the University of Nottingham. To assess the validity of the A-Miso-S, a factor analysis was conducted. To determine prevalence and severity the results of the questionnaire were quantitatively analysed using SPSS. Actor analysis was conducted. Free text responses to one questionnaire item were analysed using a thematic approach. Responses were obtained from 336 individuals. Clinically significant misophonic symptoms appear to be common, effecting 49.1% of the sample population. This is statistically significantly higher prevalence than previous studies have found (p < 0.00001). Using the classification of the A-Miso-S, mild symptoms were seen in 37%, moderate in 12%, severe in 0.3% of participants. No extreme cases were seen. The A-Miso-S was found to be a unifactorial tool, with good internal consistency. This study has provided new information on misophonia and validity of the A-Miso-S questionnaire in a sample population of UK undergraduate medical students. The results indicate that misophonia is a phenomenon that a significant proportion of medical students experience though only a small subset experience it severely.
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| Background/Purpose | Background- • there is limited info on the prevalence of misophonia • the A-Miso-S needs to be validated Purpose- • estimate the prevalence rate of misophonia in undergraduate medical students at the university of Nottingham. • assess the psychometric validity of the Amsterdam Misophonia scale ( A-MIS-S) |
| Participants/samples | 336 medical students at the University of Nottingham |
| Measures | • A-Miso-S |
| Procedures | • online surveys • factor analysis conducted on the A-Miso-S |
| Results | • evidence of a prevalence rate of 49.1% in tested population. • mild symptoms in 37% of the Misophonics, moderate in 2%, and severe in 0.3% no extreme cases |
| Discussion/Limits | Conclusion- • prevalence of Misophonia may be higher then previously thought, effecting a large portion of the tested population • the A-Miso-S demonstrated good internal consistency and is unifactorial • The authors conclude that nearly half of the medical student cohort experienced clinically significant misophonia symptoms. • The findings indicate substantially higher prevalence compared to prior undergraduate samples. • The authors suggest differences in measurement tools and population characteristics may account for prevalence discrepancies. • The authors conclude that misophonia may exist on a spectrum from mild normative experiences to severe disruptive responses. • The authors conclude that the A-Miso-S demonstrates a unifactorial structure and good internal consistency in this population. |
| Limitations:: | • Potential selection bias (topic interest effect). • Possible underrepresentation of severe cases (self-exclusion). • Non-response bias for free-text item. • No demographic data collected (age, gender, ethnicity). • Cannot assess representativeness of sample. • No control for duplicate responses. • Cross-sectional design. |
| Future Directions:: | • Further validation of diagnostic tools. • Development of clinical guidelines. • Investigation of treatment options and interventions. • Exploration of coping mechanisms for severe cases. |
| Relevance:: | good source for prevalence data and validation of the A-Miso-S |
Notes
key terms and concepts
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Misophonia – a condition characterized by abnormally intense emotional responses (primarily anger) to specific auditory stimuli.
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Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-Miso-S) – a 7-item self-report measure adapted from the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale assessing misophonia severity.
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Clinically significant misophonia – A-Miso-S total score ≥5 (mild to extreme range).
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Subclinical misophonia – A-Miso-S total score 0–4.
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Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) – statistic assessing sampling adequacy for factor analysis.
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Cronbach’s alpha – measure of internal consistency across questionnaire items.
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Eigenvalue – statistic indicating variance explained by a factor in factor analysis.
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Decreased Sound Tolerance – umbrella term including hyperacusis and misophonia.
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Anterior Insular Cortex (AIC) – brain region implicated in emotional processing of misophonic trigger sounds.
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Zettelkaten
Naylor 2020 finding of high Misophonia prevalence in a med school population