Noel 2018 finding that ASD related Multisensory Temporal Impairment Generalizes Across Pairings, but Is Amplified When Bridging Intero- and Exteroception

In a 2018 study, Noel et al. examined audiovisual, cardiovisual, and visuotactile temporal binding windows in individuals with ASD compared to TD controls, and audiovisual/cardiovisual temporal function in TD individuals with low versus high AQ scores. They found that ASD individuals showed larger audiovisual and visuotactile TBWs than TD controls, and a markedly larger (roughly fourfold) cardiovisual TBW, with cardiovisual synchrony judgments appearing nearly independent of stimulus timing in ASD; low- and high-AQ TD groups, in contrast, did not differ in cardiovisual TBW size. From this they concluded that multisensory temporal impairments in autism generalize across sensory pairings but are most pronounced when integration must bridge interoceptive and exteroceptive signals, consistent with reduced reliance on sensory priors in autism (Noel et al., 2018).